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• • • Adam Smith (16 June 1723 (5 June 1723 ) – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish economist, philosopher and author as well as a, a pioneer of and a key figure during the era. Smith is best known for two classic works: (1759) and (1776). The latter, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his and the first modern work of economics. Smith studied at the and at, where he was one of the first students to benefit from scholarships set up by fellow Scot,. After graduating, he delivered a successful series of public lectures at, leading him to collaborate with during the. Smith obtained a professorship at Glasgow teaching moral philosophy and during this time wrote and published The Theory of Moral Sentiments. In his later life, he took a tutoring position that allowed him to travel throughout Europe, where he met other intellectual leaders of his day.
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Smith laid the foundations of classical economic theory. The Wealth of Nations was a precursor to the modern academic discipline of economics. In this and other works, he developed the concept of and expounded upon how rational self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. Smith was controversial in his own day and his general approach and writing style were often satirised by writers in the moralising tradition of and. In 2005, The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time. The minor planet was named in his memory. Portrait of Smith's mother, Margaret Douglas Smith was born in, in the County of, Scotland.
His father, also Adam Smith, was a Scottish (senior ), and (Judge Advocate) and also served as comptroller of the Customs in Kirkcaldy. In 1720, he married Margaret Douglas, daughter of the landed Robert Douglas of Strathendry, also in Fife. His father died two months after he was born, leaving his mother a widow.
The date of Smith's baptism into the at Kirkcaldy was 5 June 1723 and this has often been treated as if it were also his date of birth, which is unknown. Although few events in Smith's early childhood are known, the Scottish journalist, Smith's biographer, recorded that Smith was abducted by gypsies at the age of three and released when others went to rescue him. Smith was close to his mother, who probably encouraged him to pursue his scholarly ambitions. He attended the —characterised by Rae as 'one of the best secondary schools of Scotland at that period' —from 1729 to 1737, he learned, mathematics, history, and writing. Formal education [ ]. A commemorative plaque for Smith is located in Smith's home town of Smith entered the when he was fourteen and studied under. Here, Smith developed his passion for, and.
Dbz Sagas Mugen Chars Download. Interbase Xe Server Keygen Idm on this page. In 1740, Smith was the graduate scholar presented to undertake postgraduate studies at, under the. Smith considered the teaching at Glasgow to be far superior to that at Oxford, which he found intellectually stifling. In Book V, Chapter II of The Wealth of Nations, Smith wrote: 'In the University of Oxford, the greater part of the public professors have, for these many years, given up altogether even the pretence of teaching.' Smith is also reported to have complained to friends that Oxford officials once discovered him reading a copy of 's, and they subsequently confiscated his book and punished him severely for reading it. According to William Robert Scott, 'The Oxford of [Smith's] time gave little if any help towards what was to be his lifework.'
Nevertheless, Smith took the opportunity while at Oxford to teach himself several subjects by reading many books from the shelves of the large. When Smith was not studying on his own, his time at Oxford was not a happy one, according to his letters. Near the end of his time there, Smith began suffering from shaking fits, probably the symptoms of a nervous breakdown. He left Oxford University in 1746, before his scholarship ended. In Book V of The Wealth of Nations, Smith comments on the low quality of instruction and the meager intellectual activity at, when compared to their Scottish counterparts. He attributes this both to the rich endowments of the colleges at Oxford and, which made the income of professors independent of their ability to attract students, and to the fact that distinguished could make an even more comfortable living as ministers of the. Smith's discontent at Oxford might be in part due to the absence of his beloved teacher in Glasgow,.